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    Cornelis de Houtman

    Dutch explorer (–)

    Cornelis de Houtman (2 April &#;– 11 September ) was a Dutch merchant seaman who commanded the first Dutch expedition to the East Indies.[1] Although the voyage was difficult and yielded only a modest profit, Houtman showed that the Portuguese monopoly on the spice trade was vulnerable.

    A flurry of Dutch trading voyages followed, eventually leading to the displacement of the Portuguese and the establishment of a Dutch monopoly on spice trading in the East Indies.[2]

    Early life

    Cornelis de Houtman was born in in Gouda, South Holland.

    His father, Pieter de Houtman, was a brewer.

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    Cornelis had a younger brother, Frederick de Houtman, born in and two sisters.

    In , Houtman's wealthy cousin, Reynier Pauw, and several other prosperous merchants in Amsterdam formed a company, Compagnie van Verre, to finance a Dutch trading expedition to the East Indies.

    Their initial inspiration had been the publication of a series of m